4,162 research outputs found
Bounding the Probability of Error for High Precision Recognition
We consider models for which it is important, early in processing, to
estimate some variables with high precision, but perhaps at relatively low
rates of recall. If some variables can be identified with near certainty, then
they can be conditioned upon, allowing further inference to be done
efficiently. Specifically, we consider optical character recognition (OCR)
systems that can be bootstrapped by identifying a subset of correctly
translated document words with very high precision. This "clean set" is
subsequently used as document-specific training data. While many current OCR
systems produce measures of confidence for the identity of each letter or word,
thresholding these confidence values, even at very high values, still produces
some errors.
We introduce a novel technique for identifying a set of correct words with
very high precision. Rather than estimating posterior probabilities, we bound
the probability that any given word is incorrect under very general
assumptions, using an approximate worst case analysis. As a result, the
parameters of the model are nearly irrelevant, and we are able to identify a
subset of words, even in noisy documents, of which we are highly confident. On
our set of 10 documents, we are able to identify about 6% of the words on
average without making a single error. This ability to produce word lists with
very high precision allows us to use a family of models which depends upon such
clean word lists
Direct observation of a Fermi liquid-like normal state in an iron-pnictide superconductor
There are two prerequisites for understanding high-temperature (high-T)
superconductivity: identifying the pairing interaction and a correct
description of the normal state from which superconductivity emerges. The
nature of the normal state of iron-pnictide superconductors, and the role
played by correlations arising from partially screened interactions, are still
under debate. Here we show that the normal state of carefully annealed
electron-doped BaFeCoAs at low temperatures has all the
hallmark properties of a local Fermi liquid, with a more incoherent state
emerging at elevated temperatures, an identification made possible using
bulk-sensitive optical spectroscopy with high frequency and temperature
resolution. The frequency dependent scattering rate extracted from the optical
conductivity deviates from the expected scaling
with
1.47 rather than = 2, indicative of the presence of residual elastic
resonant scattering. Excellent agreement between the experimental results and
theoretical modeling allows us to extract the characteristic Fermi liquid scale
1700 K. Our results show that the electron-doped iron-pnictides
should be regarded as weakly correlated Fermi liquids with a weak mass
enhancement resulting from residual electron-electron scattering from thermally
excited quasi-particles.Comment: 6+9pages, 3+9 figures To be published in Scientific Report
Pacemaker and ICD Troubleshooting
Continuous advancements in technology and software algorithms for pacemakers and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) have improved functional reliability and broadened their diagnostic capabilities. At the same time, understanding management and troubleshooting of modern devices has become increasingly complex for the device implanter. This chapter provides an overview of the underlying physics and basic principles important to pacemaker and ICD function. The second part of this chapter outlines common device problems encountered in patients with pacemakers and ICDs and provides solutions and tips for troubleshooting
Mobile Manipulation Platform for Autonomous Indoor Inspections in Low-Clearance Areas
Mobile manipulators have been used for inspection, maintenance and repair
tasks over the years, but there are some key limitations. Stability concerns
typically require mobile platforms to be large in order to handle far-reaching
manipulators, or for the manipulators to have drastically reduced workspaces to
fit onto smaller mobile platforms. Therefore we propose a combination of two
widely-used robots, the Clearpath Jackal unmanned ground vehicle and the Kinova
Gen3 six degree-of-freedom manipulator. The Jackal has a small footprint and
works well in low-clearance indoor environments. Extensive testing of
localization, navigation and mapping using LiDAR sensors makes the Jackal a
well developed mobile platform suitable for mobile manipulation. The Gen3 has a
long reach with reasonable power consumption for manipulation tasks. A wrist
camera for RGB-D sensing and a customizable end effector interface makes the
Gen3 suitable for a myriad of manipulation tasks. Typically these features
would result in an unstable platform, however with a few minor hardware and
software modifications, we have produced a stable, high-performance mobile
manipulation platform with significant mobility, reach, sensing, and
maneuverability for indoor inspection tasks, without degradation of the
component robots' individual capabilities. These assertions were investigated
with hardware via semi-autonomous navigation to waypoints in a busy indoor
environment, and high-precision self-alignment alongside planar structures for
intervention tasks.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figures, to be published in IDETC-CIE 202
Suicidal Ideation and Mental Disorder Detection with Attentive Relation Networks
Mental health is a critical issue in modern society, and mental disorders
could sometimes turn to suicidal ideation without effective treatment. Early
detection of mental disorders and suicidal ideation from social content
provides a potential way for effective social intervention. However,
classifying suicidal ideation and other mental disorders is challenging as they
share similar patterns in language usage and sentimental polarity. This paper
enhances text representation with lexicon-based sentiment scores and latent
topics and proposes using relation networks to detect suicidal ideation and
mental disorders with related risk indicators. The relation module is further
equipped with the attention mechanism to prioritize more critical relational
features. Through experiments on three real-world datasets, our model
outperforms most of its counterparts
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